The Temple Of Hatshepsut At Deir El Bahri - 1411 Words

Ceremonies and rituals are integral parts of any civilization, both current and ancient; among the ancient civilizations, Egypt is renowned for its religious societal rituals and afterlife beliefs. From pharaohs and luxurious burials, to lavish processions; ancient Egypt is among the most fascinating and curious cultures. Egyptian architecture is also extremely interesting in terms of location, scale, purpose, and potentially most important how Egyptian architecture can dictate movement through the space. The majority of ancient Egyptian structures studied by architectural historians and planners alike, were erected to honor a pharaoh or as a grand tomb for their journey through to the afterlife. Whether the structure was in the form of a temple, tomb or statue, the ritual and spiritual influence is unquestionable. The location, scale, and materials used to construct these monuments are all defining factors of how the space is used and functions. While there are several notable Egyptian temples, monuments, and tombs; this paper will focus on the analysis and evaluation of the Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahri, C. 1458 BC. First and foremost, it is important to identify the historical figure who influenced this construction of this temple. Queen Hatshepsut ascended to the throne of Egypt after her son’s passing and was the first and only female pharaoh in about 1473 BC; nearly a thousand years after the construction of the Pyramids at Giza. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Hatshepsut On The Metropolitan Museum Of Art, By Herbert E. Winlock963 Words   |  4 Pagesstatues belonging to the time of Hatshepsut when they began clearing the area in front of the temples of Hatshepsut and Mentuhotep II. As a result further excavations of this area were undertaken by the Metropolitan Museum during the seasons of 1926-27, 1927-28, and 1928-29. These excavations were predominantly carried out in two importa nt locations: a depression southeast of Deir el-Bahri temple (also called the â€Å"Hatshepsut Hole†) and a quarry northeast of the temple. [1] The Metropolitan Museum crewRead MoreHatshepsut1939 Words   |  8 PagesHatshepsut Hatshepsut was one the greatest rulers of Ancient Egypt but her rise to power didn’t come without deceit and betrayal. As daughter of Thutmose I a great Ancient pharaoh and Ahmose his famous wife, Hatshepsut had a passion for power and the family blood to fulfil her dream. With Successful military campaigns, peaceful country and a thriving economy, Hatshepsut had all the components of a great Pharaoh but this did not come easy. How did the first woman pharaoh rule for over 2 decadesRead MoreHow Hatshepsut s Life And Reign1896 Words   |  8 Pageswhere she could make a difference, she might adapt masculine tendencies and presentation. This is the case of the ancient Egyptian queen Hatshepsut, who was the second historically confirmed female pharaoh of Egypt, and the first to rule with full authority, according to The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt by Toby Wilkinson. In this paper I will explain how Hatshepsut presented herself as a pharaoh by blending imagery of a male king w ith presentations of herself as a woman, and an Egyptian ruler. I willRead MorePersonal Statement : Cleopatra Vii, And Hatshepsut Of Egypt1473 Words   |  6 PagesThesis: In my examination to identify leaders that characterized the attributes that represent pioneering, energizing, deliberate, resolute, commanding, affirming, and inclusive dimensions of leadership, I have chosen Nefertiti, Cleopatra VII, and Hatshepsut of Egypt. Leading a country takes more than just having a high status. Being a leader of a nation incorporates abilities that can make or break an administration. The life of a leader leaves little time for oneself. From the time of waking upRead MoreAncient Architecture : Ancient And Medieval Architecture1015 Words   |  5 Pagesis religion. Religion, Gods, and the heavens where the key factors in creating Mesopotamian Ziggurats, Egyptian Pyramids, Greek Temples, Christian Basilicas, Islamic Mosques, and Romanesque and Gothic churches. The Deir el-Bahri and the Mortuary temples of Queen Hatshepsut are influenced by nature, since the temples lay adjacent to the Nile River. The Deir el-Bahri was located further to avoid flooding, local materials also influenced how architecture was made in all non-trading civilizationsRead MoreThe Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt: Hatshepsut872 Words   |  4 Pagesruler† (J. Ray, Hatshepsut, Vol 44, Issue 5, 1994) The ancient Egyptian world has seen hundreds of pharaohs; some excelled and some didn’t. Many of the pharaohs were men, only few females succeeded in gaining such great power, yet some did... specifically Hatshepsut. Few pharaohs of the 18Th Dynasty have aroused as much controversy as Hatshepsut. Hatshepsut was the sixth pharaoh of the New Kingdom and set up co-regency with her nephew and stepson, Thutmose III. (J. Lawless, Hatshepsut, a Personal StudyRead MoreEssay about Statue of Hatshepsut Seated1087 Words   |  5 PagesStatue of Hatshepsut Seated The seated statue of Hatshepsut is dated around ca. 1473-1458 B.C. around the 18th dynasty in Deir el-Bahri, Upper Egypt. This statue is made entirely out of indurated limestone and has a height of 195 cm, width of 49 cm, and diameter of 114 cm. Many statues like this were found in her mortuary temple that has been ransacked and destroyed by bandits and pharaohs. I consider this statue to be in very bad condition because of its age and the history behind it. From firstRead MoreAncient Egypt And Ancient Egyptian Civilization1495 Words   |  6 Pageswell, Kings of Ancient Egypt that were the closest in terms of power and respect to the Gods. Hatshepsut was the first female Pharaoh of Egypt. Traditionally, men had the claim to the throne, but their was no rule against a woman Pharaoh (Millmore). Before Hatshepsut, many women often ruled as co-regent with their son when he was too young to rule alone, and ruled almost completely by themselves. Hatshepsut had a different case. Althoug h her father, Thutmose I gave the throne to her brother ThutmoseRead MoreQuestions on Ancient Egypt2328 Words   |  10 Pagesin its primitive form in the valley temple of the Pyramid of Khafre, the clerestory, became a fully realized architectural element at Karnak. Which of the following describes the functional element? raised central roof permitting light to filter into the interior î  Ã® â€šÃ®â‚¬â€™ Which of the following is the best explanation for the portrayal of Akhenatons body type? deliberate artistic reaction against the established canon î  Ã® â€šÃ®â‚¬â€™ How does the kneeling statue of Hatshepsut indicate her status as pharaoh? sheRead MoreAn Analysis of the Period from New Kingdom Egypt to the Death of Thutmose IV9330 Words   |  38 PagesIntermediate Period was a time of great disunity in Egypt. There was no centralised rule with the country being broken up into independently administered regions. Hyksos sources are archaeological rather than written and are incomplete. Excavations at Tell el- Dab’a in the north-eastern Delta by Manfred Bietak (archaeologist), have identified this site as an ancient Avaris, the capital of a foreign people known as the Hyksos. Who were the Hyksos? The name comes from the Greek version of the Egyptian hekau

Seven Layer Denisty Free Essays

The Seven Layer Density Column By Nicia Buttner Grade 8 Table of Contents: Statement of purpose†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 Hypothesis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. We will write a custom essay sample on Seven Layer Denisty or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3 Research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 Materials†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 Procedure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 Observation and results†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 Acknowledgements†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 10 Page 2 The purpose of this experiment is to compare the different densities of different liquids. Density is a comparison between an object’s mass and volume. Density = Mass divided by Volume. If the weight (or mass) of something increases but the volume stays the same, the density has to go up. If the mass decreases but the volume stays the same, the density has to go down. This experiment will show how the weight of certain liquids react to each other. Page 3 The seven liquids I have chosen for the experiment have different weights and textures. My hypothesis is that the liquids that have more density, even though I am using the same amount of liquid, will be on the bottom of the column. The liquids that are less dense will then layer on top of the more dense liquid. They will create a layer of seven different liquids one on top of the other. Page 4 Most of the research I did for this experiment was online. I found a lot of different information about the densities of different liquids. One web site that was most helpful was stevespanglerscience. com. I learned how different liquids have different densities. The same amount of oil has a different density than the same amount of water, for example. I also watched a video on youtube. com showing how the experiment works. Some liquids that have different densities are baby oil, vegetable oil, water, milk, dawn dish soap and maple syrup. Each one can be measured out in the same amount, but will have different densities. Page 5 The materials I used for the project are simple everyday products you use around the house. The container I used was bought at Walmart and is used for holding spaghetti. The other materials I used are: Light Karo syrup Water Vegetable oil Dawn dish soap (blue) Rubbing alcohol Lamp oil Honey Food Coloring or True Color Coloring Tablets Food baster 9 oz portion cups Page 6 1. Measure 8 ounces of each type of liquid into the 9 ounce portion cups. You may want to color each of the liquids to make a more dramatic effect in your column. Light Karo syrup is easier to color than dark syrup. The only liquids that you may not be able to color are the vegetable oil and the honey. 2. Start your column by pouring the honey into the cylinder. Now, you will pour each liquid SLOWLY into the container, one at a time. It is very important to pour the liquids slowly and into the center of the cylinder. Make sure that the liquids do not touch the sides of the cylinder while you are pouring. It’s okay if the liquids mix a little as you are pouring. The layers will always even themselves out because of the varying densities. Make sure you pour the liquids in the following order: Honey Karo syrup Dish soap Water Vegetable oil Rubbing alcohol Lamp oil 3. As you pour, the liquids will layer on top of one another. After you pour in the liquids you will have a seven-layer science experiment. Page 7 What I observed was that the different liquids were able to float on top of one another. The most dense liquid stayed at the bottom starting with the honey. The least dense liquid was at the top and that was the lamp oil. Page 8 All these different liquids have different densities. The honey stayed at the bottom because it had the highest density of all the liquids. Each liquid sed after the honey had a little bit less density and that’s why they were able to layer on top of one another. Because the lamp oil had the least amount of density it was on the very top of all the other liquids. This experiment showed how liquids can have equal measurement, but different densities. Page 9 Resources I used for this experiment are: Stevespanglerscience. com Chemistry. about. co m Google. com Youtube. com (video) Page 10 Acknowledgments I want to thank my mom and dad for their help with my project and research. I also want to thank Mr. Rothering for his help and encouragement. How to cite Seven Layer Denisty, Essay examples

Italian Fascism War Experience In Spanish â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Italian Fascism War Experience In Spanish? Answer: Introducation Wars have been the cause of many changes in the political, socio-political and economic aspects. The bloodshed disrupts the flow of the normal life and thus adheres to the change in life and the important aspects involved therein (Lawrence, 2017). The civil war, which took place in Spain due to the cause of the ill governance, resulted to the bloodshed and the rise of a civil war in between the government authorities and the rebels-protesting against the system. This analysis aims at establishing a relation in between the Spanish civil war and a film, which do have the same background in terms of rte socio-political background and the after effects of the war on the people there. The story of the film, Pans Labyrinth, largely correlates to the central idea of the Spanish civil war, and includes certain sections from the historical event. The setting and background is set on the platform of the terrible bloodshed that took place in Spain, and with the emergence of General Franco as the dictator of the nation (Rodrigo, 2017). The rebels absconded and there is a situation of peace which might soon be shattered as the rebels might come back an moment to claim their forfeited freedom and justice. The setting of the film aims at entwining the reality with the fables when the protagonist finds a mythical world, escapism invokes from within as the narrator desires to abandon the world she is in and transcend to a mystique world of the fables (O'Brien, 2016). The overgrown and unkempt labyrinth offered the pathway to her mystique world, thus helping her to escape the situation she is into. Ofelia (the protagonist of the story) meets several mythical characters that as tounded her and inspired her story telling (Blitch, 2016). Moreover, the incidents that took her away from the incidents of the sufferings, to which she was subjected, has been portrayed through the film. She was led to the older labyrinth and there she completed her tasks in order to attain the throne of immortality, becoming the princess of the underworld. Captain Vidal, on the other hand, married Ofelias mother and kept the rations safe and away from the rebels in the forest, but as the plot progresses the rebels successfully overpowered the men guarding the ration, and forcibly takes the ration away. The action of the rebels is being portrayed by the way they fought their war against the established order and the system. The harshness and brutality has been portrayed through the event of Vidal safeguarding the rations in order to outnumber the rebels. The so-called valor of Vidal is the factor that affects the flow of the film (Sinclair, 2016). The fascism which the film portrays and the false show of valor that Vidal carried in his heart accounts to the harshness of the era and in order to show cause the emerging sensibility Vidal at a certain point of time (in the film) says that the magic does not exist anymore to bring Ofelia out of her fantasies. At times, it was hard for Vidal to believe that his heroic fantasies are opposed. T he progression in the plot brought about a change when Ofelia was asked by the faun creature to bring the blood of an innocent to the labyrinth. The brutality has been portrayed there again of the era which the film portrays. The film concludes with the blood of Ofelia running down the labyrinth, sparing her infant brother. The bloodshed and the harshness depicted in the film primarily fit in to the theme of the civil war that took place in Spain. The civil war that took place and the fascism that was the result of the civil war is being portrayed as the background of the film. Events and situations, which arose out relating to the aftereffects of the war, are also being portrayed in the film thus helping the viewer to relate the incidents with that of the war and its brutality. The phases through which the plot emerged and the situations evoked and reflected the same old feeling of the lost and lifelessness of the era. The dictatorship is being portrayed through the activities of Vidal, and in fulfilling his utmost expectations regarding the show of valor. On the other hand, the story depicted a high time of the raging uphea val that grunted and groaned in the forest. The rebellion against the established order and the theme that pursues the historical incident of the Spanish civil war soon was portrayed through the film (Rodrigo, 2017). The historical incident of the Spanish civil war influenced the setting and the theme of the film, in which the protagonist has been the daughter of the ruler of the underworld and therefore had to face the consequences of mortal life. On the other hand, her stepfather Vidal and his fascist views add a tinge of likeness to the historical incident, which took place in Spain. The bloodshed and the cruelty have been portrayed in the scenes (Coronado Ruiz, 2016). Escapism is also a theme that must be considered in this film. The protagonist, with her problems and deliberate emotions, tends to take a turn through which she can escape to the labyrinths, away from the situations that affected the society after the war. The socio-political issues and the rising fascism have taken away the life from the people and their dependence o the single person. People, in this context, felt agitated with the upheavals and the change of power (Faber, 2017). The change affected the economic condition of the whole of Spain and left it isolated, away from the conventions prevalent in the world. Therefore, it can be concluded that the film have derived a huge influence from the historical event that took place in Spain, and the civil war greatly affected the roots of its existence and formation. The brutality and the harshness of the era are being portrayed through the varied situations that arose out of the plot. the essay incorporates the observations and analyses the likeness that prevails in between the historical event and the film. References Blitch, S. (2016). Between Earth and Sky: Transcendence, Reality, and the Fairy Tale in Pans Labyrinth.Humanities,5(2), 33. Coronado Ruiz, C. (2016). Postmemory of the Spanish Civil War: Cinematographic constructions of the conflict in the twenty-first century.Catalan Journal of Communication Cultural Studies,8(1), 31-43. Faber, S. (2017). Spanish Civil War exile and the problem of Iberian cultural history.The Routledge Companion to Iberian Studies, 427. Lawrence, M. (2017).The Spanish Civil Wars: A Comparative History of the First Carlist War and the Conflict of the 1930s. Bloomsbury Publishing. O'Brien, G. (2016). Liminal vision: Transformation and renewal in Pan's Labyrinth.Screen Education, (83), 110. Rodrigo, J. (2017). A fascist warfare? Italian fascism and war experience in the Spanish Civil War (193639).War in History, 0968344517696526. Rodrigo, J. (2017). On fascistization: Mussolinis political project for Francos Spain, 19371939.Journal of Modern Italian Studies,22(4), 469-487. Sinclair, M. (2016).The dark fantastic of Guillermo del Toro: Myth, fascism, and theopolitical imagination in Cronos, The Devil's Backbone, and Pan's Labyrinth(Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute).

Pocahontas Essays - Disneys Pocahontas, American Folklore

Pocahontas People today tend to scrutinize every aspect of anything that crosses the silver screen. The Disney company is always questioned on the reality of their films. Some see racism, bias, or ignorance toward history. Now for a cartoon that's supposed to entertain children, Disney does it the best. They do it so well that some argue that the people who criticize Disney are the one's who have the problem. But when Disney makes a film they have to keep one thing in mind when they do it. They have to understand that what they show to children those kids are going to see that, and except that as the truth. Take for example the movie Pocahontas by Disney. This is a film with many flaws that could eventually lead kids off the truth behind the real story of Pocahontas. Pocahontas was a real story with real people. By Disney taking that film and putting their own twist on it, they could lead an entire generation of kids away from what's true. Disney was wrong when they made the movie because what they showed wasn't the truth, and by taking history and changing it around is just unethical. Jaquelyn Kilpatrick tries to make that same point on an essay about relatively the same thing. Jaquelyn Kilpatrick states, "Instead of progress in depicting Native Americans, this film takes a step backwards ? a very dangerous step because it is so carefully glossed as ?authentic' and ?respectful'" (74). Kilpatrick points out that Pocahontas was supposed to be the most "PC" of all the Disney movies ever. But the backbone of her thesis is that it didn't pay attention to any of the facts about Pocahontas' life because it was so politically correct. She also argues, "For one thing, she was not a voluptuos young woman when she met John Smith but a ten- to twelve-year-old girl, and John Smith was a thirty-something mercenary who more resembled a brick than a blonde Adonis" (74). Disney not only clouded the story of a young girl who was kidnapped and raped by English settlers, but they even portrayed her looks totally wrong. "Besides her beautiful ?more Asian' eyes, he gave her a body with a wasp waist, sexy hips and legs, and breasts that are truly impressive" (76). She also went on to explain the misrepresentation of the English settlers. She points out " the English in the film are extremely one-dimensional in their bumbling greed" (76). Disney not all stereotyped all English as money hungry bandits, but they also stereotyped all Native American as ready to fall head over heels for the first white man who comes their way. Kilpatrick goes on saying "they changed her age, her body, and gave her a motive for her actions that boils down to going gaga over the first white man she sees" (74). But the one point that Kilpatrick stated over an over was that Disney changed the truth behind the story of Pocahontas. Pocahontas was changed to leave a smile on everyone's face. The story of Pocahontas wasn't a happy love story; it was a tragic story of a young girl. Pocahontas was a girl who was kidnapped and raped by the English settlers. She was then married to a tobacco planter named John Rolf and went to England, only to die of smallpox on the journey to return home. Personally, I agree with every point that Kilpatrick presented in her argument. The story of Pocahontas wasn't Disney's type story, but Disney turned it into one for the sake of money. Disney saw an open market for a Native American story, and they went for it sacrificing history for a dollar. Disney wanted to do something for a culture that has never been honored before, the Native Americans. But they did it in exchange for history. Native Americans where honored but not through the true story of Pocahontas. Pocahontas and Disney's Pocahontas are two different people. But in the eyes of children everywhere when they think of a Native American story they'll think of Disney's. It's a sad thing that something like a movie could change something like the real story of Pocahontas. Out there is a generation of kids who went to see a real good movie. But the movie that was supposed to be the truth really wasn't. The movie was something twisted and molded to satisfy an audience that wouldn't be happy with violence, and unattractive people. Kilpatrick made a point with this article. The point being that this

Understanding Society Through Cultural Artifacts

Understanding Society Through Cultural Artifacts Researchers can learn a great deal about a society by analyzing cultural artifacts such as newspapers, magazines, television programs, or music. These cultural artifacts, which can also be considered aspects of material culture, can reveal a great deal about the society that produced them. Sociologists call the study of these cultural artifacts content analysis. Researchers who use content analysis are not studying the people, but rather are studying the communications the people produce as a way of creating a picture of their society. Key Takeaways: Content Analysis In content analysis, researchers examine a societys cultural artifacts in order to understand that society.Cultural artifacts are the aspects of material culture produced by a society, such as books, magazines, televisions shows, and movies.Content analysis is limited by the fact that it can only tell us what content a culture has produced, not how members of the society actually feel about those artifacts. Content analysis is frequently used to measure cultural change and to study different aspects of culture. Sociologists also use it as an indirect way to determine how social groups are perceived. For example, they might examine how African Americans are depicted in television shows or how women are depicted in advertisements. Content analysis can uncover evidence of racism and sexism in society. For example, in one study, researchers looked at the representation of female characters in 700 different films. They found that only about 30% of characters with a speaking role were female, which demonstrates a lack of representation of female characters. The study also found that people of color and LGBT individuals were underrepresented in film. In other words, by collecting data from cultural artifacts, researchers were able to determine the extent of the diversity problem in Hollywood. In conducting a content analysis, researchers quantify and analyze the presence, meanings, and relationships of words and concepts within the cultural artifacts they are studying. They then make inferences about the messages within the artifacts and about the culture they are studying. At its most basic, content analysis is a statistical exercise that involves categorizing some aspect of behavior and counting the number of times such behavior occurs. For example, a researcher might count the number of minutes that men and women appear on screen in a television show and make comparisons. This allows us to paint a picture of the patterns of behavior that underlie social interactions portrayed in the media. Strengths of Using Content Analysis Content analysis has several strengths as a research method. First, it is a great method because it is unobtrusive. That is, it has no effect on the person being studied since the cultural artifact has already been produced. Second, it is relatively easy to gain access to the media source or publication the researcher wishes to study. Rather than trying to recruit research participants to fill out questionnaires, the researcher can use cultural artifacts that have already been created. Finally, content analysis can present an objective account of events, themes, and issues that might not be immediately apparent to a reader, viewer, or general consumer. By conducting a quantitative analysis of a large number of cultural artifacts, researchers can uncover patterns that might not be noticeable from looking at only one or two examples of cultural artifacts. Weaknesses of Using Content Analysis Content analysis also has several weaknesses as a research method. First, it is limited in what it can study. Since it is based only on mass communication – either visual, oral, or written – it cannot tell us what people really think about these images or whether they affect people’s behavior. Second, content analysis may not be as objective as it claims since the researcher must select and record data accurately. In some cases, the researcher must make choices about how to interpret or categorize particular forms of behavior and other researchers may interpret it differently. A final weakness of content analysis is that it can be time consuming, as researchers need to sort through large numbers of cultural artifacts in order to draw conclusions. References Andersen, M.L. and Taylor, H.F. (2009). Sociology: The Essentials. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth.

Facebook Advertising for Authors Part 2

Facebook Advertising for Authors Part 2 Facebook Advertising for Authors, by Mark Dawson: Part 2 Facebook advertising is a marketing technique that is rising in popularity among many independent authors. As any other technique, it takes time, testing and iteration to produce results. And as for any other technique, it works better in certain genres and for certain books than others.However, we believe there is a great untapped potential in Facebook advertising for authors and this is the reason why we interviewed internationally bestselling author Mark Dawson. You can read part 1 of the interview here, where he focuses on growing a mailing list through Facebook ads. You can also play the full video below to enjoy a nice French chateau decorum and hear just how fascinated Mark is by the potential of Facebook marketing. Or, if you’re familiar with both, read part 2 of the transcript below!Here, we focus on advertising from Facebook directly to Amazon and how to track the results, on top of decrypting how Amazon’s wonderful algorithms work and how to get the most out of your faithful reviewers! Hi Mark! In part 1 of this interview, we discussed how you use keep separate mailing lists and automated email sequences to drive sales. I am subscribed to your mailing list, and I noticed that before I get to the email where you offer me to buy the next book in the series, you offer several free books and really try to build a relationship with the reader.Yes, and that’s really important. One thing I’ve worked very hard on is to turn those subscribers into readers, then into fans, then super-fans, and finally into friends. That’s kind of the way I look at it. So I’ve got a street team with nearly 900 people, which is now closed because 900 is enough for what I need.But I answer every single email from readers, whether it comes from they finding my email address on my website or from a reply to an email I sent out, I reply to everything. I also try to answer every message on Facebook.I think that’s really important, and it might be one of those thin gs I’ll not be able to do forever, because I’ve got probably 20,000 people on my lists now and am very busy writing new stuff and running the business. So at some point I’ll have to sit down and ask myself: â€Å"can I justify spending an hour every day answering email correspondence from readers?†; but I’ll put that off as long as I can, because I think that’s one of the main reasons why last year was so successful.I’ve now got fans who I can really rely on: when I say I’ve got a new book out, I know they’ll go and buy it. And if that happens in certain numbers, then Amazon starts marketing for you and everything becomes a virtuous circle at that point.Yes, it’s really all about hitting that point where Amazon starts doing the work for you, isn’t it? And the launch is a particularly crucial moment for that, right?Yes, I’ve launched quite a few books like year and monitored and studied the dynamics o f the launches, so I’ve got it down now to a reasonably fine art. I know, for example, that if you’ve got 1,000 people on your list and you’re confident that 100 of them will buy the book when it comes out, you don’t want them to buy the book on the same day. Amazon rewards you for steady sales rather than spikes. So it’s better to have 20 every day for 5 days rather than 100 on day 1 and then nothing on days 2 to 5.That kind of stuff is quite important, and if you’ve got - like I do - segmented lists, you’re able to â€Å"massage† the sales into a pattern that you think will be best for Amazon to notice this new book.And if we go back to Facebook ads, what I might do for the launch is set up an ad just targeted to people on my mailing list. One thing that Facebook allows you to do is to import your email addresses from your mailing list and they will then match these email addresses with Facebook accounts (provided that thes e people have one). So I will also serve ads to those people as well. Some people might say: â€Å"why are you saying the same thing twice? You’re already sending them an email asking them to buy the book.† Well, not all emails are opened (50% is already a very high open rate), and it’s a standard advertizing theory that it takes more than one touch for someone to make a buying decision. So that kind of joined-up campaign is going to be more effective than just an email blast or just a Facebook campaign.Yes, that’s what we call â€Å"re-marketing† in the business world, and it’s a widely used technique to engage with users who sign up for your services but then don’t end up â€Å"buying† anything. Facebook’s â€Å"custom audiences† are a great way to do that indeed. Another amazing feature that Facebook has is â€Å"lookalike† audiences, do you use those?Oh yes, all the time. For those who don’t know what one is, you can import your mailing list into Facebook and then tell them: â€Å"please, generate a lookalike audience based on this mailing list†. Facebook will then try to assess what the people have in common in your mailing list, and algorithmically search for people matching the same interests, demographics, etc.And how are the results, compared to the standard campaigns simply based on â€Å"interests†?Sometimes better. My best sales ad for one of the boxed sets I have on sale is a 2.2M list of people based in the United States defined as a â€Å"lookalike† of my mailing list. I optimize the ads for clicks and typically generate a %50-%100 ROI every day.For the ads that redirect to Amazon, how do you track the results? Because you can track what happens on your website, but you cannot track what happens on Amazon, right?That’s an interesting question and one I’m looking into right now. At the moment, I use affiliate linking: you can set up an affiliate account and direct your ads to the affiliate links, so Amazon will tell you through their affiliate program exactly how many people have bought your book coming from that affiliate URL.Unfortunately, I’ve been looking into this as I said, and it looks like you’re not really allowed to use an Amazon affiliate link in a Facebook ad, which is really really annoying. So what you’ll probably have to do is send the traffic from Facebook to your website where you have a sales page, and then your sales page has the affiliate links. And I hate that, on the one hand, because it’s putting a step between the ad and the buying decision, but on the other hand you can put things on your sales page that you cannot have on Amazon, like a video, or clips from the audiobook, etc.Of course, if that doesn’t prove to work, the alternative is just not to use affiliate links and directly send the traffic to Amazon, on a normal link. You’re less pre cise on your numbers that way but provided you know what you were selling before, you can get a rough idea of how effective the campaign is being.Last question for you Mark, to wrap this up and let you go back to your other activities. Let’s say I’m an author, I have a mailing list with 20 subscribers, and I’ve just implemented a â€Å"reader magnet†, where I offer a free book for readers to subscribe to my mailing list. I’m still getting only 2-3 reviewers a week. What kind of actionable steps can I take in order to get more subscribers?First, make sure that the call to action for that reader magnet is everywhere. You need to advertize the reader magnet on your product page, because a subscriber is more important than a sale. So if a reader sees it on the page but doesn’t buy the book, don’t worry: once they’re on your list, you can offer them book 2, book 3, etc. You need to look at it as a long term financial proposition rat her than short term financial gain.So put it on the product page, put it on your Amazon (and Reedsy) author page, put in on your books - front and back: front so readers see it if they use the â€Å"look inside† functionality on Amazon, back so readers who enjoy your book can subscribe to get more - and everywhere else: link your social media profiles to your landing page.Provided all that is in place, I suggest you look into Facebook ads, because that’s one pretty hot area right now with incredible growth opportunities for us.Thank you so much for all this advice, Mark!  If you want to learn more on Facebook ads, visit Mark Dawson’s course, Self-Publishing Formula, here!Have you tried using Facebook advertising to grow your mailing list? Or to sell more books? What do you think of Mark’s tools for success? Leave your thoughts, or any questions for Mark, in the comments below!

Marketing Planning Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Marketing Planning - Research Proposal Example Animeinternational.com (2006) is an online retailer of anime related products: Dvds and Music; Manga and Books; Toys and Figures; Art Work; Cards and Games; and other merchandise such as accessories, jewelry, and even kitchenware. The company sells over 10,000 diverse products in the anime genre. Animeinternational.com also caters to the multimedia consumer, offering specialized downloads such as wallpapers and avatars (used in Internet forums, emails and online gaming). This diversity in product, design and orientation allows animeinternational.com to offer consumers a wide variety of the most popular anime titles through E-commerce and telephone purchases. Animeinternational.com (2006) slogan is "Your Online Anime Mega Store for all your Anime Needs" and advertises that "Unlike our competitors our focus is not only the North American market, rather we cater to the needs of customers in all countries worldwide." Claiming "price leadership and unparalleled customer service" (animeinternational.com 2006) the company exhibits a strong focus on total quality management in the domains of business to customer and business to business transactions. There are multiple products and services available. ... th American market, rather we cater to the needs of customers in all countries worldwide." Claiming "price leadership and unparalleled customer service" (animeinternational.com 2006) the company exhibits a strong focus on total quality management in the domains of business to customer and business to business transactions. There are multiple products and services available. This marketing proposal paper will focus on expanding the services to include tailored customer relationship management service using use-case scenario technology and focus on expansion service lines in opening markets, particularly the female age 15-24 market that is highly undeserved in the anime industry. Marketing Environment Animeinternational.com has a strong market orientation towards customer relationship management (CRM). CRM is "identifying prospective buyers, understanding them intimately, and developing favourable long-term perceptions of the organisation and its offerings so that buyers will choose them in the marketplace" (Kerin p 21 2002). Animeinternational utilises several online techniques with the purpose of concentrating towards CRM. Some of these methods include blogging, online community, and 'fan fiction.' This type of 'free service' allows animeinternational.com to communicate with, understand and respond to the average consumer base, which has been identified as the young adult male in the Internet and gaming community (animeinterantioal.com 2006). Animeinternational.com also offers online 'chat' customer service, telephone service and specialised anime resources, such as an encyclopaedia. By continuously interacting with the customer base through communication, animeinterational.com exhibits strong consumer relationship management. Company Animeinternational.com (2006)